*** The impact of system integration on system costs of a neighbourhood energy- and watersystem ***
Els van der Roest a,b*, Theo Fensc, Martin Bloemendal a,b, Stijn Beernink a,b, Jan Peter van der Hoek b,d ; Ad van Wijk a,e

a KWR, Water Research Institute, Groningenhaven 7, 3430 BB Nieuwegein, The Netherlands. 
b Faculty of Civil Engineering and Geosciences Delft University of Technology, Stevinweg 1, 2638 CN Delft, The Netherlands
c Economics of Infrastructures section, Delft University of Technology, Jaffalaan 5, 2638 BX Delft, The Netherlands
d Waternet, Korte Oudekerkerdijk 7, 1096 AC Amsterdam, The Netherlands
e Department of Process and Energy, Delft University of Technology, Leeghwaterstraat 39, 2638 CB Delft, The Netherlands
* Corresponding author at: KWR Water Research Institute. Email address: els.van.der.roest@kwrwater.nl 
Corresponding author: Els van der Roest
Contact Information:
E.vanderroest@tudelft.nl/els.van.der.roest@kwrwater.nl
KWR Water Research Institute, 
Groningenhaven 7
3430 BB Nieuwegein
The Netherlands

***General Introduction***
This dataset contains raw model results from 5 different scenario's as part of a publication
on the impact of system integration on system costs in a neigbhourhood energy- and water system.  
It is being made public to act as supplementary data for publication(s) and the PhD thesis of Els van der Roest. 
Also, it might be used by other researhers.

The dataset was created during model runs in the period between July 2019 - April 2021.


The authors would like to thank TKI Urban Energy (TEUE117059) in the Netherlands for their
financial contribution to the research project that was the foundation for the model development.

***Description of the data in this data set***
All files contain hourly values of results produced with the Power-to-X model (a multi-energy-system model)
in Python, for the period 2010-2014. 
Each file contains the resulting data of a model run for a specific scenario of a neighbhourhood energy - and watersystem (first sheet),
as well as the parameters used in this scenario (second sheet).
The scenarios are described in section 3 of the published paper: *** DOI will be added here ***

We define the following scenarios plus their respective dataset name:
Reference scenario - Base_situation_labelD.xlsx
All-electric scenario - All_electric_batt_def.xlsx
All-electric H2 scenario - All_electric_h2_nobatt_def.xlsx
H2 hybrid scenario - H2hybrid_nobatt_def.xlsx
Power-to-X scenario - Powertox_nobatt_ss_def.xlsx

The column names in the first sheet of the data files are described below:
			Unit		Description
Date			d-m-yyyy	date within the run period	
Month			-		number of the month
Yearmonth		yyyymm		year + month		
Hour			-		hour of the day
Time			-		time in days since the start of the run period
Temperature		degrees C	air temperature of a selected weather station in that hour (in this case De Bilt, NL)
wind			m/s		average wind speed at a selected weather station in that hour (in this case De Bilt, NL)
Water storage		m^3		amount of water in the subsurface water storage (when negative, groundwater is extracted)
Product RO		m^3/hr		flow of treated rainwater from RO
Rain_sieve		m^3/hr		flow of rainwater before treatment
RO Q input		m^3/hr		flow of rainwater after first sieve, before RO
CEDI Q input		m^3/hr		flow of rainwater after rain sieve and RO
CEDI Q output		m^3/hr		flow of treated rainwater to electrolyser
Demiwater_demand_m3_hr	m^3/hr		other demiwaterdemands (in this case households; toilet, washing machine, dishwasher)
Elec water		kWh/hr		electricity demand for water purification (pumps, RO, CEDI)
V_H2			kg		volume of hydrogen in buffertank
V_H2_export		kg/hr		volume of hydrogen exported
Solar_Power_south_field	kWh/hr		PV production of solar park
Solar_Power north field	kWh/hr		PV production of solar park 
Solar_Park_PtX		kWh/hr		amount of PV production available for use in PtX system (electrolyser/heat pump)
Solar_Power_homes	kWh/hr		PV production on roofs in the neigbhourhood
Solar_roofs_PtX		kWh/hr		amount of PV production from roods available for use in PtX system (electrolyser/heat pump)
Wind_Power		kWh/hr		electricity production by windturbines
From_ren_to_H2		kWh/hr		electricity from renewables (wind/sun) to hydrogen production
Elec_to_h2_dir		kWh/hr		amount of electricity used to fulfill a direct hydrogen demand
Batt to H2		kWh/hr		amount of electricity from battery to hydrogen production
from_grid_h2		kWh/hr		amount of electricity bought from electricity grid to fulfill direct hydrogen demand
H2 bought extra		kWh/hr		amount of electricity bought from electricity grid without a direct hydrogen demand
E_to_electrolyser	kWh/hr		total amount of electricity used in the electrolyser
To_heat_from_ren	kWh/hr		electricity from renewables (wind/sun) to heat storage
Elec_to_heat_direct	kWh/hr		amount of electricity used to fulfill a direct heat demand
Ren_to_heat_total	kWh/hr		total amount of renewable electricity (wind/sun) for heat production
Elec_to_heat_batt	kWh/hr		amount of electricity from battery to heat production
Heat_dem_grid		kWh/hr		amount of electricity bought from grid to fulfill a direct heat demand
Extra heat bought (kWh)	kWh/hr		amount of electricity bought from electricity grid to fulfill heat production scheme
Collective batt		kWh		capacity of the collective battery
Spaceheat_dem		kWh/hr		spaceheat demand of the neighbhourhood
Tapwater_dem		kWh/hr		tapwater demand of the neighbhourhood
DegreeHour		-		amount of degree hours (to calculate spaceheat demand in a certain hour)
Fuel_demand		kg/hr		hydrogen fuel demand for cars and/or houses
Compr_en_fuel		kWh/hr		electricity use for hydrogen compression from 30 to 880 bar for 700 bar tanking (outside the system boundary in the current study)
H2_prod			kg/hr		hydrogen production by electrolyser
elec prices		eurocent/kWh	electricity prices for buying electricity from the grid (not used in the current study)
v_aq_m (m^3)		m^3		volume of the warm well
t_aq_m (C)		degrees C	not used - inaccurate 
t_aq_m inf (C)		degrees C	temperature of warm well as calculated by MODFLOW (updated every 24 hours)
q_aq_m (kwh)		kWh		amount of heat stored in warm well (in relation to background temperature of 12 degrees C)
q_aq_m (GJ)		GJ 		amount of heat stored in warm well (in relation to background temperature of 12 degrees C)
t_aq_w (C)		degrees C 	not used - inaccurate 
t_aq_m inf (C)		degrees C	duplicate - temperature of warm well as calculated by MODFLOW (updated every 24 hours)
t_aq_w_mf (C)		degrees C	temperature of hot well as calculated by MODFLOW (updated every 24 hours)
v_aq_W (m^3)		m^3		volume of hot well
q_aq_w (kWh)		kWh		amount of heat stored in hot well (in relation to background temperature of 12 degrees C)
q_aq_w (GJ)		GJ		amount of heat stored in hot well (in relation to background temperature of 12 degrees C)
Q_dhn_kWh		kWh/hr		heat demand of district heating network including heat losses during transport
Q_dhn_noloss_kWh	kWh/hr		heat demand of district heating network excluding heat losses during transport
q_dhn min sun(kwh)	kWh/hr		current maximum (cap) of heat storage, compared with q_aq_w to determine if the heat pump should produce heat or that the HT-ATES is full enough
f_dhn (m^3)		m^3/hr		flow in the district heating network
Q_hd			kWh/hr		heat demand from HT-ATES
f_hd (m^3)		m^3/hr		flow from HT-ATES
q_hp (kWh)		kWh/hr		heat produced by heat pump
q_hp_dir (kWh)		kWh/hr		heat produced by heat pump and used directly to fulfill heat demand of the DHN
f_hp (m^3)		m^3/hr		flow from heat pump
q_aq (kWh)		kWh/hr		amount heat stored in HT-ATES (in this hour)
f_pv_aq (m^3)		m^3/hr		flow of heat to the HT-ATES
E_f_hd_kWh		kWh/hr		total amount of electricity required to heat up water from the HT-ATES (during certain periods in winter)
e_f_hd grid(kWh)	kWh/hr	 	amount of electricity from the grid required to heat up water from the HT-ATES (during certain periods in winter)
t_he_hp_in_stor (C)	degrees C	temperature of ingoing flow in heat pump at condensor during heat production
t_he_aqw_in_stor(C)	degrees C	temperature of stored heat in hot well
t_he_d_out_dem (C)	degrees C	temperature delivered from HT-ATES via heat exchanger to the DHN
t_he_hp_cond_tres (C)	degrees C	temperature of ingoing flow in heat pump at condenser side during heat production if hot well is below 43 but above 30 degrees C
t_he_hp_in_tresdhn (C)	degrees C	temperature of ingoing flow in heat pump during heat production if hot well is below 30 degrees C (not used in current study)
t_he_hp_in_tres (C)	degrees C	temperature of ingoing flow in heat pump at evaporator side during heat production if hot well is below 43 but above 30 degrees C
t_he_aqm_in_dem (C)	degrees C	temperature of flow to warm well during heat delivery from HT-ATES (hot well > 43 degrees C)
t_he_aqm_in_tres (C)	degrees C	temperature of flow to warm well during heat delivery from HT-ATES with hot well temperature below 43 but above 30 degrees C
t_he_aqm_in_tresdhn (C)	degrees C	temperature of flow to warm well during heat delivery from HT-ATES with hot well below 30 degrees C (not used in the current study)
cop_hp			-		coefficient of performance of the heat pump
cop_hp1			-		coefficient of performance of the heat pump during heat production in summer
cop_hp2			-		coefficient of performance of the heat pump for heating up water from the hot well with hot well temperature below 43 but above 30 degrees C
cop_hp3			-		coefficient of performance of the heat pump if hot well temperature is below 30 degrees (not used in the current study)
Cost H2 bought cheap	euro		costs of buying electricity from the grid for hydrogen production at cheap hours (not used in the current study)
Costs elec H2 extra	euro		costs of buying electricity from the grid for hydrogen production without fulfilling a direct hydrogen demand (not used in the current study)
Costs elec heat bought	euro		costs of buying electricity from the grid for heat production (not used in the current study)
Elec_bought_total_cost	euro		total costs of buying electricity from the grid for heat/hydrogen production (not used in the current study)
Elec_bought_total_kWh	kWh/hr		total amount of electricity bought from the grid for hydrogen/heat production and households
Elec_sold_to_grid	kWh/hr		total amount of electricity sold to the grid by the system
Elec_H2_kwh		kWh/hr		total amount of electricity bought for hydrogen production
Elec_heat_kwh		kWh/hr		total amount of electricity bought for heat production
Elec_dem_hh		kWh/hr		total electricity demand households (in this hour)
Elec_dir_hh		kWh/hr		electricity demand of households fulfilled directly by own pv production
P_pv_roof_ap_reno	kWh/hr		pv production from renovated appartments 
P_pv_roof_ter		kWh/hr		pv production from terraced houses 
elec_dem_ap_reno	kWh/hr		electricity demand for appliances and lighting in renovated appartments
elec_dem_ter		kWh/hr		electricity demand for appliances and lighting in renovated appartments
elec_car_ap_reno	kWh/hr		electricity demand for electric cars in renovated appartments
elec_car_ter		kWh/hr		electricity demand for electric cars in terraced houses
elec_cooking_ap_reno	kWh/hr		electricity demand for electric cooking in renovated appartments
elec_cooking_ter	kWh/hr		electricity demand for electric cooking in terraced houses
e_dem_heat_ap_reno	kWh/hr		electricity demand for the household heat pump in renovated appartments
e_dem_heat_ter		kWh/hr		electricity demand for the household heat pump in terraced houses
H2_dem_hh_heating	kg/hr		hydrogen demand for heating of houses
q in			kWh/hr		amount of energy stored in hot well of HT-ATES
q out			kWh/hr		amount of energy extracted from hot well of HT-ATES
WRK_use		 	kWh/hr		electricity use of a third party (not used in current study)
Elec_to_WRK		kWh/hr		electricity from solar park/wind turbines to a third party (not used in current study)
Battery_to_homes	kWh/hr		amount of electricity from a collective battery to the houses in the neigbhourhood
PtX_to_homes		kWh/hr		amount of electricity from the collective PV-park/wind turbines to the houses in the neighbourhood
Elec_exdem_homes	kWh/hr		electricity demand of houses in the neighbourhood after deduction of own pv production on roofs
Elec_exp_homes		kWh/hr		electricity export of houses in the neigbhourhood after deduction of own electricity demand (but before other usage in the PtX system)
Elec_hh_from_grid	kWh/hr		duplicate - electricity demand of houses in the neighbourhood after deduction of own pv production on roofs
Hh_ptx_heat		kWh/hr		amount of electricity from households to collective heat production with the large heat pump
Hh_ptx_h2		kWh/hr		amount of electricity from households to hydrogen production
Sell_grid_hh		kWh/hr		electricity export of houses to the electricity gird
H2_dem_fuelcell		kg/hr		hydrogen demand of the fuel cell in the neigbhourhood
Heat_from_fc		kWh/hr		heat production by fuel cell
Heat_from_elec		kWh/hr		heat production by electrolyser
Rest_heat_stor		kWh/hr		amount of rest heat from fuel cell and electrolyser that is stored in the HT-ATES
Rest_heat_dir		kWh/hr		amount of rest heat from fuel cell and electrolyser that is used to fulfill a direct heat demand
grid_cap_left[kW]	kW		grid capacity left after import of electricity from the grid by the neigbhourhood 
grid_cap_left_exp[kW]	kW		grid capacity left after export of electricity to the grid by the neigbhourhood (+wind/solar production)
Curtailment		kWh/hr		amount of curtailment if export is higher than grid capacity
temp surf water[C]	degrees C	average temperature of surface water (in this case the Lekkanaal)
factor heat sun		-		factor to multiply the heat demand with to compensate for heat loss during storage
heat buffer		kWh		heat stored in a (above ground) small buffer
Salt cavern vol [kg]	kg		amount of hydrogen stored in salt cavern
FC_to_heat		kWh/hr		electricity produced by fuel cell to fulfill electricity demand of large heat pump in winter
FC_to_hh		kWh/hr		electricity produced by fuel cell to fulfill electricity demand of households
Res_to_batt		kWh/hr		amount of solar/wind electricity that is stored in the collective battery
Hh_to_batt		kWh/hr		amount of excess electricity from households that is stored in the collective battery
SC_to_car		kg		amount of hydrogen from salt cavern to fuel hydrogen cars
Check			-		check if all produced energy by pv/houses is used somewhere (check should be zero)
E_f_hd_ex		kWh/hr		electricity required to produce heat when the HT-ATES system is switched off
E_f_hd_res		kWh/hr		amount of electricity from PV/wind required to heat up water from the HT-ATES (during certain periods in winter)
E_dhn			kWh/hr		total electricity use for pumps in the DHN
E_dhn_grid		kWh/hr		part of the electricity use for pumps in the DHN from the electricity grid
q_in_m			kWh/hr		amount of energy stored in warm well of HT-ATES
q_out_m			kWh/hr		amount of energy extracted from the warm well of HT-ATES
q_in_sys		kWh/hr		amount of energy stored in the combined HT-ATES wells (the HT-ATES system)
q_out_sys		kWh/hr		amount of energy extracted from the combined HT-ATES wells (the HT-ATES system)
q_sys_eff		-		recovery efficiency of the HT-ATES system

