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*** Data underlying the PhD thesis "Precision nutrition for cardiometabolic health: insights from human dietary intervention studies" *** 

Author(s): Anouk Gijbels
Human Division of Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University & Research
Contact: anouk.gijbels@wur.nl

**General introduction**

This dataset contains the supplementary tables with fasting and postprandial plasma metabolomics data of chapters 5 and 7 from Anouk 
Gijbels' PhD thesis, "Precision nutrition for cardiometabolic health: insights from human dietary intervention studies" 
(doi: 10.18174/591161 - 978-94-6447-656-9). 
It is being made public to act as supplementary data for the PhD thesis of Anouk Gijbels.


**Research objective**

The research in this thesis aimed to contribute to a better understanding of the role of metabolic heterogeneity in response to diet, with 
a specific focus on tissue-specific insulin resistance. In addition, we aimed to contribute to a better understanding of the mechanisms by 
which diet affects metabolic health by investigating postprandial metabolism.


**Methods**

Chapter 5: This cross-sectional study included data from 214 women and men with BMI 25-40 kg/m2, aged 40-75 years, and with 
predominant muscle insulin resistance (IR) or liver IR. Tissue-specific IR was assessed using the muscle insulin sensitivity index (MISI) and 
hepatic insulin resistance index (HIRI), which were calculated from the glucose and insulin responses during a 7-point oral glucose 
tolerance test (OGTT). Plasma samples were collected before (T=0) and after (T=30, 60, 120, 240 min) consumption of a high-fat mixed 
meal and 247 metabolites, including lipoproteins, apolipoproteins, cholesterol, triglycerides, ketone bodies, and amino acids, were 
quantified using nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (Nightingale platform). We compared fasting and postprandial (iAUC) 
metabolite profiles in response to a high-fat mixed meal between individuals with predominant muscle IR or liver IR.

Chapter 7: We performed a secondary analysis of the PERSON study, a two-centre, randomised, double-blind, dietary intervention trial in 
which 242 individuals with muscle IR or liver IR (40-75 years, BMI 25-40 kg/m2) were randomised to follow a diet low in fat and rich in 
protein and fibre (LFHP)or a diet rich in mono-unsaturated fat (HMUFA) for 12 weeks. Before and after the intervention, plasma samples 
were collected before (T=0) and after (T=30, 60, 120, 240 min) consumption of a high-fat mixed meal for quantification of 247 metabolite 
measures including lipoproteins, apolipoproteins, cholesterol, triglycerides (TAG), ketone bodies, and amino acids using nuclear magnetic 
resonance spectroscopy (Nightingale platform).


**Description of the data in this dataset**

Table column names, row rames, and footnotes describe further details of the presented data.

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