title,body,link,tags,view_count,is_answered,score,answer_count
GUI testing in the background,"<p>I am using a python script to control the mouse and keyboard and simulate an user in a GUI application in Linux.</p>

<p>The problem is that the script requires the computer to be idle, and I can't do other things while it is running, so I let it running during the night.</p>

<p>I would like to run multiple instances of this script in the background at the same time, in the same computer, without it interfering with my physical mouse and keyboard.</p>

<p>I tried to use multiple virtual machines and run one script per VM, but it starts to slow down with more than two VMs.</p>

<p>What would be the best approach to solve this problem?</p>
",https://stackoverflow.com/questions/50141662/gui-testing-in-the-background,"['automation', 'gui-testing']",437,TRUE,2,1
Automated GUI Testing for Symfony created Websites,"<p>I am working on a PHP based Website written in the symfony framework. I want to do automated GUI testing. All I know about testing is PHPUnit tests which won't apply for my GUI application. Is there a particular testing framework excepts Selenium 1 or 2. I'm looking for a kind of a easy-to-understand-framework which ist able to do the testings repeatedly. Are there any good out there which fit good to my php symfony website?  Which ones are easy to use (I need to do testing but I don't have a lot of time for that, however, I don't want to ignore that). The website is not to complex. but it has different subsites for different user-roles with different permissions.  So is there a simple framework that will let me test my application fast and in a strong way to find bugs and create a test report?</p>
",https://stackoverflow.com/questions/52931781/automated-gui-testing-for-symfony-created-websites,"['php', 'symfony', 'user-interface', 'testing', 'regression-testing']",493,FALSE,4,1
Selenium + sikuli Error- *No ClassDefFoundError: org/sikuli/script/Screen* in command prompt,"<p>When I'm running Selenium+ sikuli project in Command prompt getting error as </p>

<blockquote>
  <p><em>java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: org/sikuli/script/Screen and java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: org.sikuli.script.Screen</em></p>
</blockquote>

<pre><code>Screen screen = new Screen();
Pattern fileUpload = new Pattern(""fileUpload(1).PNG"");
screen.click(fileUpload);
</code></pre>

<p>If any best tool than sikuli for GUI testing integrates with selenium, please Suggest.</p>
",https://stackoverflow.com/questions/53185282/selenium-sikuli-error-no-classdeffounderror-org-sikuli-script-screen-in-co,"['selenium', 'sikuli']",1494,FALSE,0,1
Integrate window tester with eclipse for testing UI,"<p>We are planning to automate testing of my eclipse application GUI using window tester. Version of eclipse is oxygen. </p>

<p>Please inform me how to integrate window tester with eclipse application. I do not see any window tester plugin in eclipse market place. If not, Which GUI testing framework can i use to test my eclipse application.</p>

<p>Thanks in Advance.</p>
",https://stackoverflow.com/questions/51590597/integrate-window-tester-with-eclipse-for-testing-ui,"['eclipse', 'user-interface', 'eclipse-plugin', 'automated-tests']",449,TRUE,2,2
Is it possible to convert a Java double into a Python float?,"<p>I am currently using Squish (GUI testing framework) to test a JavaFX application. I am storing the JavaFX properties into a Python dictionary and then trying to access those properties, many of which are doubles. Is there a way to convert those doubles to floats within Python so that I can then manipulate them?</p>

<pre><code>    def compareValue(val1, val2):
if abs(val1 - val2) &lt; 0.0001:
    return True
else:
    return False
</code></pre>

<p>I am currently trying to retrieve a height property. The Squish IDE (which is a wrapper over Eclipse) shows these properties as doubles. Since the program is JavaFX, I'm assuming that these are Java doubles. When I try to use them in this function though, I get this error:</p>

<pre><code>    TypeError: unsupported operand type(s) for -: 'Object' and 'Object'
    Called from:
    C:\(Omitted for IP sake)\test.py: 66
    C:\(Omitted for IP sake)\pdi_utils.py: 441 
</code></pre>
",https://stackoverflow.com/questions/50533500/is-it-possible-to-convert-a-java-double-into-a-python-float,"['java', 'python', 'javafx', 'javafx-8', 'squish']",244,FALSE,0,0
"Can&#39;t select JCheckBoxMenuItem, components in context not recognized","<p>I've started working in robot framework's swing library, gui testing a java application in swing.</p>

<p>I have to select the jcheckboxmenuitem ""waveMenu"" from a jpopupmenu ""menu"" on a jtextarea ""showText"". Running the keyword: </p>

<pre><code>Select From Popup Menu      showText        menu|waveMenu
</code></pre>

<p>Results in a very unhelpful error. </p>

<pre><code>Fail: Popup menu
</code></pre>

<p>If I try to right click on the component showText, it simply passes without bringing up the menu associated with it. The menu is attached by a regular mouselistener.</p>

<pre><code>showText.addMouseListener(new MouseAdapter() {
        @Override
        public void mouseReleased(MouseEvent e) {
            if (e.isPopupTrigger()) {
                menu.show(e.getComponent(), e.getX(), e.getY());
            }
        }
    });
</code></pre>

<p>Listing components in context from the top results in this</p>

<pre><code>Level: 0 Component: ca.acme.myApplication
Index: 0 Name: the name I select when I run Select Window
    Level: 1 Component: javax.swing.JRootPane Index: 0 Name: null
       Level: 2 Component: javax.swing.JPanel Index: 0 Name: null.glassPane
       Level: 2 Component: javax.swing.JLayeredPane Index: 0 Name: null.layeredPane
          Level: 3 Component: javax.swing.JPanel Index: 1 Name: null.contentPane
             Level: 4 Component: javax.swing.JPanel Index: 2 Name: null
                Level: 5 Component: javax.swing.JButton Index: 0 Name: fileOpenButton
                Level: 5 Component: javax.swing.JTextField Index: 0 Name: fileText
                Level: 5 Component: javax.swing.JButton Index: 1 Name: fileSendButton
                Level: 5 Component: javax.swing.JLabel Index: 0 Name: null
                Level: 5 Component: javax.swing.JTextField Index: 1 Name: hostText
                Level: 5 Component: javax.swing.JComboBox Index: 0 Name: formatSelect
                   Level: 6 Component: javax.swing.plaf.metal.MetalComboBoxButton Index: 2 Name: null
                   Level: 6 Component: javax.swing.CellRendererPane Index: 0 Name: null
                      Level: 7 Component: javax.swing.plaf.basic.BasicComboBoxRenderer$UIResource Index: 1 Name: null
                Level: 5 Component: javax.swing.JComboBox Index: 1 Name: voiceSelect
                   Level: 6 Component: javax.swing.plaf.metal.MetalComboBoxButton Index: 3 Name: null
                   Level: 6 Component: javax.swing.CellRendererPane Index: 1 Name: null
                      Level: 7 Component: javax.swing.plaf.basic.BasicComboBoxRenderer$UIResource Index: 2 Name: null
                Level: 5 Component: javax.swing.JComboBox Index: 2 Name: delaySelect
                   Level: 6 Component: javax.swing.plaf.metal.MetalComboBoxButton Index: 4 Name: null
                   Level: 6 Component: javax.swing.CellRendererPane Index: 2 Name: null
                      Level: 7 Component: javax.swing.plaf.basic.BasicComboBoxRenderer$UIResource Index: 3 Name: null
                Level: 5 Component: javax.swing.JTextField Index: 2 Name: messageText
                Level: 5 Component: javax.swing.JButton Index: 5 Name: messageSendButton
                Level: 5 Component: javax.swing.JLabel Index: 4 Name: portLabel
                Level: 5 Component: javax.swing.JTextField Index: 3 Name: portText
                Level: 5 Component: javax.swing.JComboBox Index: 3 Name: requestSelect
                   Level: 6 Component: javax.swing.plaf.metal.MetalComboBoxButton Index: 6 Name: null
                   Level: 6 Component: javax.swing.CellRendererPane Index: 3 Name: null
                      Level: 7 Component: javax.swing.plaf.basic.BasicComboBoxRenderer$UIResource Index: 5 Name: null
                Level: 5 Component: javax.swing.JComboBox Index: 4 Name: speedSelect
                   Level: 6 Component: javax.swing.plaf.metal.MetalComboBoxButton Index: 7 Name: null
                   Level: 6 Component: javax.swing.CellRendererPane Index: 4 Name: null
                      Level: 7 Component: javax.swing.plaf.basic.BasicComboBoxRenderer$UIResource Index: 6 Name: null
                Level: 5 Component: javax.swing.JComboBox Index: 5 Name: siteSelect
                   Level: 6 Component: javax.swing.plaf.metal.MetalComboBoxButton Index: 8 Name: null
                   Level: 6 Component: javax.swing.CellRendererPane Index: 5 Name: null
                      Level: 7 Component: javax.swing.plaf.basic.BasicComboBoxRenderer$UIResource Index: 7 Name: null
                Level: 5 Component: javax.swing.JScrollPane Index: 0 Name: null
                   Level: 6 Component: javax.swing.JViewport Index: 0 Name: null
                      Level: 7 Component: javax.swing.JTextArea Index: 4 Name: showText
                   Level: 6 Component: javax.swing.JScrollPane$ScrollBar Index: 0 Name: null
                      Level: 7 Component: javax.swing.plaf.metal.MetalScrollButton Index: 9 Name: null
                      Level: 7 Component: javax.swing.plaf.metal.MetalScrollButton Index: 10 Name: null
                   Level: 6 Component: javax.swing.JScrollPane$ScrollBar Index: 1 Name: null
                      Level: 7 Component: javax.swing.plaf.metal.MetalScrollButton Index: 11 Name: null
                      Level: 7 Component: javax.swing.plaf.metal.MetalScrollButton Index: 12 Name: null
</code></pre>

<p><a href=""https://i.stack.imgur.com/6nEWN.png"" rel=""nofollow noreferrer"">Going down a level and attempting even the most basic interactions with the application results in failure</a></p>

<p>I don't mind providing more detail if needed. I've been stuck on this problem for ages.</p>
",https://stackoverflow.com/questions/49181504/cant-select-jcheckboxmenuitem-components-in-context-not-recognized,"['robotframework', 'jemmy']",273,FALSE,0,1
Obtain coordinates and screenshots of input on an Android Virtual Device,"<p>I am currently working on an automated GUI testing tool for Android apps, for which I need to trace all the inputs that are performed in the app along with screen captures of the activities on which they are performed. </p>

<p>Up to now, I have made an override of the dispatchTouchEvent of any activity of the app I'm testing.</p>

<pre><code>@Override
public boolean dispatchTouchEvent(MotionEvent event) {
    float x = event.getAxisValue(MotionEvent.AXIS_X);
    float y = event.getAxisValue(MotionEvent.AXIS_Y);

    Log.i(""touchtest"", x + "" "" + y);


    //code to take screen capture

    return super.dispatchTouchEvent(event);

}
</code></pre>

<p>This however is very far from what I need since it requires changes in any activity to test, and it does not trace clicks on elements of the screen that are not part of the activity layout (e.g., virtual keyboard when opened).</p>

<p>Is there any proper way to trace <em>any</em> input that happens on the AVD, along with screen captures on it?</p>
",https://stackoverflow.com/questions/52706590/obtain-coordinates-and-screenshots-of-input-on-an-android-virtual-device,['android'],31,FALSE,1,0
OpenTest custom test actors,"<p>I'm really impressed with OpenTest project. Found it highly intriguing how many ideas this project is sharing with some projects I created and worked on. Like your epic architecture with actors pulling tasks.. and many others :)</p>

<p>Did you think about including other automation technologies to base Actors on? 
I could see two main groups:
1 Established test automation tooling like <a href=""https://devexpress.github.io/testcafe/"" rel=""nofollow noreferrer"">TestCafe</a> (support for non-selenium gui testing could leverage the whole solution a lot)
2 Custom tooling needed for specific tasks. Would be great to have an actor with some domain-specific capabilities. Now as I can see this could be achieved by introducing another layer of execution worker called by an actor using rest api. What I mean is the possibility of using/including them as new 'actor types' with custom keywords releted.</p>
",https://stackoverflow.com/questions/52576008/opentest-custom-test-actors,"['testing', 'automation', 'automated-tests', 'testcafe', 'opentest']",248,TRUE,4,1
Can we execute testng (group) and cucumber (tag) tests in one command in maven,"<p>I have an issue which I could not solve it after trying a lot. Actually I have an existing testng framework for GUI which gets run based on group in maven command. I have been asked to develop a BDD framework for API using rest assured and integrate it with existing testng framework(GUI) so both API and GUI can be run using one maven command by passing just group or tag for cucumber. I have put BDD packages in testng framework  testing  and am able to run tests GUI(testing) and API(BDD) by separate command but not able to run in one command. Please see below maven commands.</p>

<p>Command to run GUI using group
<code>
mvn clean install -Dautomation.environment=XX.10X.1X.9X -Dautomation.port=X0 -DskipUnitTests=true -Dautomation.browser=chrome -Dtestng.testsuite=Groups -Dgroups=sales
</code>
Command to run API using tag</p>

<p><code>
mvn test -Dautomation.environment=XX.XXX.XX.XX -Dautomation.port=XX -DskipUnitTests=true -Dcucumber.options=""--tags @sales""
</code></p>

<p>Is that possible to run both by a single maven command using just group or group and tag both in single command?</p>

<p>Your help will be appreciated.</p>

<p>Regards,
Ref</p>
",https://stackoverflow.com/questions/52832765/can-we-execute-testng-group-and-cucumber-tag-tests-in-one-command-in-maven,"['java', 'maven', 'selenium', 'cucumber', 'testng']",966,FALSE,0,1
How to gain access to specific windows and controllers on an unfamiliar desktop app,"<p>I'm new to GUI testing, so i'm sorry if the question is a little too simple, but i could not find an answer on other related discussions.
I'm trying to automate test for an desktop application that i have no access to it's code, hence no way to know the internal structure and the ""path"" to specific controllers or windows.</p>

<p>Following the ""quick start guide"", i was able to start the application, and even to get a valid response for app.top_window().</p>

<p>But that's about it.. i can't seem to be able to get a list of the available windows or components that are under the top window.
Tried to use print_control_identifiers(), and got a Match error - could not find keys in dict dict_keys.</p>

<p>I read that there is an option to look for a window using ""best match"" technique, but since i don't know the name of any window or controller - i don't know what to write in it in order to get something that i can use..</p>

<p>my code:</p>

<pre><code>import pywinauto as PW
app = PW.application.Application().Start(""PQS.Client.exe"")
handle = app.top_window()
x = app.handle.print_control_identifiers()
</code></pre>

<p>To make long story short - i'm stuck.. so any pointer or help would be much appreciated..</p>
",https://stackoverflow.com/questions/51158231/how-to-gain-access-to-specific-windows-and-controllers-on-an-unfamiliar-desktop,['pywinauto'],118,FALSE,0,0
JMeter properties resulting in errors in non-GUI mode,"<h1>My Problem</h1>

<p>I've got a script that uses properties to set user defined variables. This works great during GUI testing. When testing in non-GUI mode, however, the script results in only failures.</p>

<p>I am using properties because the values are created in the Endpoint Creation thread group, but I need them to be globally accessible. Because of this, I used some RegEx extractors and a BeanShell assertion to assign the values to several different properties. <a href=""https://i.stack.imgur.com/XpTAL.png"" rel=""nofollow noreferrer"">Here's what that looks like.</a></p>

<p><a href=""https://i.stack.imgur.com/8qkQi.png"" rel=""nofollow noreferrer"">Here is my User Defined Variables with the properties set as their values.</a>.</p>

<p>I know for a fact that the properties are an issue in non-GUI mode because if I replace the properties with their hard coded values the non-GUI test results in successes.</p>

<p>When I am ready to start testing, I toggle the Endpoint Creation thread group off as I only need it to configure the User Defined Variables.</p>

<p>I should mention that I am required to use non-GUI mode during testing for performance reasons.</p>

<hr>

<h1>Questions</h1>

<ul>
<li>Does non-GUI JMeter treat user defined properties differently than GUI JMeter? </li>
<li>Is there a way for me to keep these properties and have them work in non-GUI mode?</li>
</ul>
",https://stackoverflow.com/questions/52563800/jmeter-properties-resulting-in-errors-in-non-gui-mode,['jmeter'],620,FALSE,0,1
"How to increase JMeter to handle 50,000 threads for distributed testing on Linux VMs?","<p><strong>System:</strong></p>

<p>I have the following JMeter setup for distributed, non-GUI testing: 1 Master VM, 2 Slaves. All 3 are Azure VMs: Ubuntu 16.04, 4 vcpus, 16GB RAM</p>

<p>I have followed this JMeter tuning guide and am not seeing improved results: <a href=""https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/9-easy-solutions-jmeter-load-test-%E2%80%9Cout-memory%E2%80%9D-failure"" rel=""nofollow noreferrer"">https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/9-easy-solutions-jmeter-load-test-%E2%80%9Cout-memory%E2%80%9D-failure</a></p>

<p>I have also tuned all 3 systems according to the EMQ tuning guide: <a href=""http://emqtt.io/docs/v2/tune.html"" rel=""nofollow noreferrer"">http://emqtt.io/docs/v2/tune.html</a></p>

<p><strong>Problem:</strong>
I am still unable to achieve 50,000 connections over 5000s (1h23m) with 2 Slave VMs.</p>

<p>According to the JMeter documentation, I can run 1000 threads in x amount of time per VM:</p>

<blockquote>
  <p><em>25.5 Limitations</em>, 3. A single JMeter client running on a 2-3 GHz CPU (recent CPU) can handle 1000-2000 threads depending on the type of test.</p>
  
  <p><a href=""https://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/jmeter_distributed_testing_step_by_step.html"" rel=""nofollow noreferrer"">https://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/jmeter_distributed_testing_step_by_step.html</a></p>
</blockquote>

<p>I am able to verify this in practice. I am also able to verify that I can achieve a maximum of 12,000 threads over 600s. (12,500 threads over any time results in JVM OOM Exception)</p>

<p>Since the target servers are VMs running EMQ instances, I will note that the official EMQ load test docs describe the test agent as being  1 VM 30000 VU (2 dockers*15000 VU. (<a href=""http://emq-xmeter-benchmark-en.readthedocs.io/en/latest/connection.html#ssl-authentication"" rel=""nofollow noreferrer"">http://emq-xmeter-benchmark-en.readthedocs.io/en/latest/connection.html#ssl-authentication</a>)</p>

<p><strong>Question:</strong>
I am wondering if there is a known implementation of JMeter (+ Virtual Machines + VirtualBox or Docker or some other service) that allows for more threads. Or, if there is a known optimization for JMeter that I have not addressed?</p>
",https://stackoverflow.com/questions/51030970/how-to-increase-jmeter-to-handle-50-000-threads-for-distributed-testing-on-linux,"['multithreading', 'docker', 'jmeter', 'jvm', 'virtualbox']",1251,TRUE,0,1
Chocolate Vending Machine with Python GUI // Cannot Total Prices Up and Print Value,"<p>Right here, I am trying to create a GUI calculator in Python for a class assignment called 'Chocolate Vending Machine'. Basically, students are assigned to create a GUI using Python's Tkinter. We list a couple of chocolate brands such as Snickers, Twix and Mars and put a price tag on each of them. The user goes through these steps:</p>

<ol>
<li>Input a float value of how much money he has (can be any value)</li>
<li>He selects how many of each chocolate he wants</li>
<li>That value is printed to the console under: ""Total Cost""</li>
<li>The original balance (how much money he originally had) minus Total Cost prints the new balance</li>
</ol>

<p>Please refer to the code below, and perhaps copy and paste it into your Python application:</p>

<p>Let me try to explain what the problem is. <strong>If you look from line 42 to 55</strong>, you will see my function ""Total()"", which, in theory, adds up all of the quantities and prices of chocolate that the user would like. The code that says: ""Total.set(CostOfMeal)"" should print out the total cost on the right hand middle box next to ""Total Cost"". </p>

<p>But it doesn't. When I try to press the ""Total"" button, it doesn't work.  instead, Python gives me this message: </p>

<p>Exception in Tkinter callback
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File ""/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.5/lib/python3.5/tkinter/<strong>init</strong>.py"", line 1550, in <strong>call</strong>
    return self.func(*args)
  File ""/Users/s190528/PycharmProjects/CSP/GUI Testing 2.py"", line 55, in Total
    Total.set(CostOfMeal)
<strong>AttributeError: 'function' object has no attribute 'set'</strong></p>

<p>Could somebody possibly help me with this, or better yet, provide code that would add up all the values and print it? Thanks.</p>

<pre><code>import tkinter as tk
from tkinter import *
import random
import time

root = Tk()
root.geometry(""1300x600+0+0"")
root.title(""Oli's Chocolate Machine"")
root.configure(bg='powder blue')
lbl_title = tk.Label(root,text=""Welcome. Please input your balance and select your chocolate of choice."", bg = 'powder blue')
lbl_title.pack()

text_Input = StringVar()
operator = """"

#==================================Setting the Frame=======================================


Tops = Frame(root, width=1600, height=50, bg=""powder blue"", relief=SUNKEN)
Tops.pack(side=TOP)

f1 = Frame(root, width=1200, height=700, bg=""powder blue"", relief=SUNKEN)
f1.pack(side=LEFT)

f2 = Frame(root, width=300, height=700, bg=""powder blue"",relief=SUNKEN)
f2.pack(side=RIGHT)

#==================================Time=======================================

localtime = time.asctime(time.localtime(time.time()))


#==================================System Information=======================================

lblInfo = Label(Tops, font=('simplifica', 50, 'bold'), text=""Oli's Chocolate Machine"", fg=""Steel Blue"", bd=10, anchor='w')
lblInfo.grid(row=0, column=0)

lblInfo = Label(Tops, font=('simplifica', 20), text=localtime, fg=""Steel Blue"",
                bd=10, anchor='w')
lblInfo.grid(row=1, column=0)

def Total():
    AmtOfTwix = (float(Twix.get()))
    AmtOfSnickers = (float(Snickers.get()))
    AmtOfMarsBar = (float(MarsBar.get()))
    AmtOfGodiva = (float(Godiva.get()))

    CostOfTwix = AmtOfTwix * 1.59
    CostOfSnickers = AmtOfSnickers * 1.79
    CostOfMarsBar = AmtOfMarsBar * 2.19
    CostOfGodiva = AmtOfGodiva * 3.99

    CostOfMeal = (""USD$"" + str('%.2f'% (CostOfTwix + CostOfSnickers + CostOfMarsBar + CostOfGodiva)))

    Total.set(CostOfMeal)

def qExit():
    root.destroy()

def Reset():
    Twix.set(0)
    Snickers.set(0)
    MarsBar.set(0)
    Godiva.set(0)
    InitialBalance.set(0)
    Cost.set(0)
    FinalBalance.set(0)

#-------------------

Twix=DoubleVar()
Snickers=DoubleVar()
MarsBar=DoubleVar()
Godiva=DoubleVar()

lblTwix = Label(f1, font=('arial', 16, 'bold'), text='Twix',bg = 'powder blue',bd=19,anchor='w')
lblTwix.grid(row=2,column=0)
txtTwix = Entry(f1,font=('arial',16,'bold'),textvariable=Twix,bd=10,insertwidth=4,
                bg='powder blue',justify='right')
txtTwix.grid(row=2,column=1)

lblSnickers = Label(f1, font=('arial', 16, 'bold'), text='Snickers', bg = 'powder blue',bd=19,anchor='w')
lblSnickers.grid(row=4,column=0)
txtSnickers = Entry(f1,font=('arial',16,'bold'),textvariable=Snickers,bd=10,insertwidth=4,
                bg='powder blue',justify='right')
txtSnickers.grid(row=4,column=1)

lblMarsBar = Label(f1, font=('arial', 16, 'bold'), text='Mars Bar', bg = 'powder blue',bd=19,anchor='w')
lblMarsBar.grid(row=6,column=0)
txtMarsBar = Entry(f1,font=('arial',16,'bold'),textvariable=MarsBar,bd=10,insertwidth=4,
                bg='powder blue',justify='right')
txtMarsBar.grid(row=6,column=1)

lblGodiva = Label(f1,font=('arial',16,'bold'), text=""Godiva"", bg = 'powder blue',bd=19, anchor='w')
lblGodiva.grid(row=9, column=0)
txtGodiva = Entry(f1,font=('arial',16,'bold'),textvariable=Godiva,bd=10,insertwidth=4,
                bg='powder blue',justify='right')
txtGodiva.grid(row=9,column=1)

#==================================Balance, Cost=======================================

InitialBalance=DoubleVar()
Cost=DoubleVar()
FinalBalance=DoubleVar()

lblInitialBalance = Label(f1,font=('arial',20,'bold'), text=""Initial Balance"", bg = 'powder blue', bd=29, anchor='w')
lblInitialBalance.grid(row=2, column=10)
txtInitialBalance=Entry(f1,font=('arial',20,'bold'), textvariable=InitialBalance, bd=28, insertwidth=4,
                   bg='powder blue', justify='right')
txtInitialBalance.grid(row=2, column=12)

lblCost = Label(f1,font=('arial',20,'bold'), text=""Total Cost"", bg = 'powder blue',bd=29, anchor='w')
lblCost.grid(row=4, column=10)
txtCost=Entry(f1,font=('arial',20,'bold'), textvariable=Cost, bd=28, insertwidth=4,
                   bg='powder blue', justify='right')
txtCost.grid(row=4, column=12)

lblFinalBalance = Label(f1,font=('arial',20,'bold'), text=""Final Balance"", bg = 'powder blue',bd=29, anchor='w')
lblFinalBalance.grid(row=6, column=10)
txtFinalBalance=Entry(f1,font=('arial',20,'bold'), textvariable=FinalBalance, bd=28, insertwidth=4,
                   bg='powder blue', justify='right')
txtFinalBalance.grid(row=6, column=12)

#==================================More Buttons=======================================

btnTotal = Button(f1,padx=16,pady=8,bd=16,fg=""black"",font=('arial',20,'bold'),width=6,text=""Total"",bg=""powder blue"",
                  command=Total).grid(row=11,column=3)

btnReset = Button(f1,padx=16,pady=8,bd=16,fg=""black"",font=('arial',20,'bold'),width=6,text=""Reset"",bg=""powder blue"",
                  command=Reset).grid(row=11,column=4)

btnExit = Button(f1,padx=16,pady=8,bd=16,fg=""black"",font=('arial',20,'bold'),width=6,text=""Exit"",bg=""powder blue"",
                  command=qExit).grid(row=11,column=5)
#--------------------------------------------------------------

root.mainloop()
</code></pre>
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