TY - DATA
T1 - Supplementary data for the paper 'What driving style makes pedestrians think a passing vehicle is driving automatically?'
PY - 2021/04/12
AU - Pavlo Bazilinskyy
AU - Tsuyoshi Sakuma
AU - Joost de Winter
UR - https://data.4tu.nl/articles/dataset/Supplementary_data_for_the_paper_What_driving_style_makes_pedestrians_think_a_passing_vehicle_is_driving_automatically_/14077352/1
DO - 10.4121/14077352.v1
KW - human-like driving
KW - manual driving
KW - automated driving
KW - trajectory
KW - deceleration
KW - pedestrians
N2 - An important question in the development of automated
vehicles (AVs) is which driving style AVs should adopt and how other road users
perceive them. The current study aimed to determine which AV behaviours
contribute to pedestrians’ judgements as to whether the vehicle is driving
manually or automatically as well as judgements of likeability. We tested five target trajectories of an AV in curves:
playback manual driving, two stereotypical automated driving conditions (road centre
tendency, lane centre tendency), and two stereotypical manual driving conditions,
which slowed down for curves and cut curves. In addition, four braking patterns
for approaching a zebra crossing were tested: manual braking, stereotypical
automated driving (fixed deceleration), and two variations of stereotypical manual
driving (sudden stop, crawling forward). The AV was observed by 24 participants
standing on the curb of the road in groups. After each passing of the AV, participants
rated whether the car was driven manually or automatically, and the degree to
which they liked the AV’s behaviour. Results showed that the playback manual
trajectory was considered more manual than the other trajectory conditions. The
stereotype automated ‘road centre tendency’ and ‘lane centre tendency’
trajectories received similar likeability ratings as the playback manual
driving. An analysis of written comments showed that curve cutting was a reason
to believe the car is driving automatically, whereas driving at a constant
speed or in the centre was associated with automated driving. The sudden stop was the least likeable way to
decelerate, but there was no consensus on whether this behaviour was manual or
automated. It is concluded that AVs do not have to drive like a human in
order to be liked.
ER -