cff-version: 1.2.0 abstract: "

APPENDIX A - Training Protocols for TDIs  

APPENDIX B - Within Team Response Rates for All Three Time Points

APPENDIX C – Psychometric Details of Scales Used in the and Study, Measurement Invariance and Discriminant Validity of Endogenous Variables

APPENDIX D – Random Coefficient Modeling Results

APPENDIX E – Analysis with Absolute Effects (Controlling for Team Effectiveness and Efficiency at T0)

APPENDIX F – Analysis with Absolute Effects (Without Controlling for Team Effectiveness and Efficiency at T0)

APPENDIX G – Data Transparency Matrix 


The study was designed as a quasi-experiment with three waves of data collection. Prior to the initiation of the study, all facility units were randomly assigned to one of three experimental conditions, namely a design thinking condition (25 teams), a team-building condition (30 teams), or an AAR condition (41 teams). We tested the direct and indirect effects of the team interventions (team design-thinking vs. AAR and team-building) on team-level performance outcomes using Mplus 8 (Muthén & Muthén, 2017). 

" authors: - family-names: Qingyue given-names: Fan orcid: "https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1855-9884" title: "Research Materials for Design Thinking Manuscript" keywords: version: 2 identifiers: - type: doi value: 10.4121/21989525.v2 license: CC0 date-released: 2023-02-02